Their name was made by adding the geo prefix (from geotechnical engineering applications) to the synthetic word (the nature of the materials used).
The main functions performed by geosynthetics are: filtration, drainage, sealing, separation, reinforcement, protection and antifreeze. Anti-erosion control and container function are considered as adjacent functions.
Geosynthetic materials are used in various construction applications, to improve the performance of the classical methods used.
The use of geosynthetics in building works has many advantages, some of a general nature, others related to the specific application for which they are used.